C# 环境

在本文中，我们展示了如何使用C#工作环境和平台。

Environment类型提供有关C#中当前环境和平台的信息。它位于System命名空间中。

C#系统信息

在下面的例子中我们打印一些系统信息。

var osv = Environment.OSVersion;

Console.WriteLine($"OS: {osv.Platform}");
Console.WriteLine($"Version: {osv.Version}");
Console.WriteLine($"OS & version: {osv.VersionString}");

string userName = Environment.UserName;
string userDomName = Environment.UserDomainName;

Console.WriteLine($"User name: {userName}");
Console.WriteLine($"User domain name: {userDomName}");

该示例打印操作系统名称和版本、用户名和用户域名。

var osv = Environment.OSVersion;

Environment.OsVersion属性获取当前平台标识符和版本号。

$ dotnet run
OS: Unix
Version: 5.15.0.48
OS & version: Unix 5.15.0.48
User name: jano
User domain name: andromeda

C#通用目录

在下一个例子中，我们打印一些常见的系统目录。

string curDir = Environment.CurrentDirectory;
string deskDir = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop);
string myMusicDir = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyMusic);
string addDataDir = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.ApplicationData);
string userProfDir = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.UserProfile);
string myPictDir = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyPictures);

Console.WriteLine($"Current directory: {curDir}");
Console.WriteLine($"Desktop directory: {deskDir}");
Console.WriteLine($"My Music directory: {myMusicDir}");
Console.WriteLine($"Application data directory: {addDataDir}");
Console.WriteLine($"User profile directory: {userProfDir}");
Console.WriteLine($"My Pictures directory: {myPictDir}");

该示例显示了一些常用目录，包括桌面、我的音乐、应用程序数据、用户配置文件和我的图片。

$ dotnet run
Current directory: /home/jano/Documents/prog/csharp/environment/EnvironmentEx
Desktop directory: /home/jano/Desktop
My Music directory: /home/jano/Music
Application data directory: /home/jano/.config
User profile directory: /home/jano
My Pictures directory: /home/jano/Pictures

C#命令行参数

下一个示例打印命令行参数。

string cline = Environment.CommandLine;
Console.WriteLine(cline);

string[] cargs = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();

foreach (var arg in cargs)
{
    Console.WriteLine(arg);
}

Environment.CommandLine返回一串命令线性参数。要获取参数数组，我们使用Environment.GetCommandLineArgs方法。

$ dotnet run "John Doe" gardener 34
/home/jano/Documents/prog/csharp/environment/EnvironmentEx/bin/Debug/net6.0/EnvironmentEx.dll "John Doe" gardener 34
/home/jano/Documents/prog/csharp/environment/EnvironmentEx/bin/Debug/net6.0/EnvironmentEx.dll
John Doe
gardener
34

C#环境变量

我们还可以检索环境变量。

using System.Collections;

string? user = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("USER");
Console.WriteLine(user);

string? shell = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("SHELL");
Console.WriteLine(shell);

string? home = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("HOME");
Console.WriteLine(home);

var envs = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables();
foreach (DictionaryEntry de in envs)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"{de.Key}: {de.Value}");
}

我们可以使用GetEnvironmentVariable获取特定的环境变量。要检索所有变量，我们使用GetEnvironmentVariables。

$ dotnet run
jano
/bin/bash
/home/jano
CLUTTER_IM_MODULE: ibus
SDKMAN_VERSION: 5.16.0
PANEL_GDK_CORE_DEVICE_EVENTS: 0
MICRONAUT_HOME: /home/jano/.sdkman/candidates/micronaut/current
LC_PAPER: sk_SK.UTF-8
...

在本文中，我们使用了C#中的Environment。

列出所有C#教程。